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Laser Marking on Stainless Steel: Mirror vs. Brushed Finish Parameters

Introduction:
Laser marking machines have revolutionized the way we mark and engrave materials, especially stainless steel, which is widely used in various industries due to its corrosion resistance and durability. When it comes to marking stainless steel, the finish of the surface plays a crucial role in determining the marking parameters. This article will discuss the differences in laser marking parameters for stainless steel with a mirror finish versus a brushed finish.

The Impact of Surface Finish:
Stainless steel can be found in two common finishes: mirror and brushed (also known as satin or hairline). The mirror finish is smooth and reflective, while the brushed finish has a textured, non-reflective surface. These finishes affect how the laser interacts with the material, which in turn influences the marking process.

Laser Marking Parameters for Mirror Finish:
1. Power Settings: Higher power is often required for mirror-finished stainless steel to achieve a clear and deep mark. The high reflectivity of the surface can cause more energy to be reflected, so the laser needs to compensate by increasing the power output.
2. Pulse Width: Shorter pulse widths are typically used to minimize heat-affected zones and maintain the integrity of the reflective surface.
3. Scan Speed: Slower scan speeds may be necessary to ensure that the laser has enough time to interact with the surface and create a mark that is both visible and permanent.
4. Focus: Precise focus is critical to avoid damaging the reflective surface. A defocused laser can cause the mark to be too shallow or too wide, affecting the quality of the mark.

Laser Marking Parameters for Brushed Finish:
1. Power Settings: Lower power settings are generally sufficient for brushed stainless steel due to the increased surface area for laser absorption.
2. Pulse Width: Longer pulse widths can be used to create a more pronounced mark without causing excessive heat damage to the material.
3. Scan Speed: Faster scan speeds are often possible with brushed stainless steel, as the textured surface is more forgiving in terms of heat distribution.
4. Focus: The focus does not need to be as precise as with mirror finish, as the textured surface can help to diffuse the laser beam and create a more uniform mark.

Conclusion:
When using a laser marking machine on stainless steel, it is essential to consider the surface finish. Mirror and brushed finishes require different laser marking parameters to achieve the best results. Understanding these differences allows for optimal marking quality and ensures that the stainless steel parts maintain their aesthetic and functional properties. By adjusting the power, pulse width, scan speed, and focus according to the surface finish, manufacturers can achieve high-quality, durable, and readable laser marks on stainless steel components.

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